Homepage of the Drug War Philosopher, Brian Quass
blog icon orange rss icon with stylized radio waves bird icon for twitter bird icon for twitter substack icon


back navigation arrow


Prolegomena to William James and Medical Licensing

How medical licensing medicalizes spiritual states

by Brian Ballard Quass, the Drug War Philosopher

October 12, 2026



In the second volume of his collected letters1, we learn that William James was a foe of the medical licensing legislation that was being considered by the state of Massachusetts in the late 19th century. In particular, he was against an 1898 bill for medical licensing. This is a crucial fact for anyone interested in the development of drug law and drug attitudes in the United States. James’ reason for protesting, as I hope to show in an upcoming essay, was this: that medical licensing would involve a war on “quacks” and that such a war would ultimately serve to medicalize spiritual states. I was hoping to write an essay on this subject today; however, I have found this to be a difficult subject to research. There is not much information available on this topic online. Most of what exists has been placed behind expensive academic firewalls — which brings up another problem with America today besides drug prohibition, namely, the fact that the knowledge acquired at our tax-supported universities is now being sold back to the taxpayers at extortionate prices. But it’s just as well in a way: the relevant titles that exist on Google Scholar regarding William James and medical licensing suggest that the denizens of today's Ivory Tower think that James was "beyond the pale" on this topic. One of the typical materialist papers that is being held for ransom is titled “William James, Warts and All,” the implication of that being that James’ foray into medical politics was an embarrassment to his otherwise devoted fan base. This academic pushback suggests to me, however, that these latter-day scholars do not understand what James was protesting or why.

Unfortunately, I am neither willing nor able to pay the ransom demands that such database services as Jstor, Elsevier, and Wiley have imposed on this topic. So I have hit upon a new strategy. I will go straight to the source. Instead of uncovering how James is misunderstood by today's academics viz. medical licensing, I will examine the precise legislation of which James was complaining back in 1898. I will then annotate that document in essay form to elucidate James' views on licensing. I will go straight to the source in a way that no modern philosopher has yet done on this subject. With this in mind, I have already emailed the Massachusetts Trial Court Law Libraries2 for a copy of the legal document in question. The site claims that the law librarians will "get back to me" within 24 hours, so schedule your essay-reading time accordingly, allowing at least five hours for the customary cogitation on my part. Of course, I don’t know why I’m telling YOU this of all people, since you don’t even EXIST as far as my site statistics are concerned — but then if I’ve learned one thing from the youthful struggles of William James, it is that we should persist in what we deem to be our mission in life without regard for the ultimate results.

Finally, a sneak preview of the sorts of Jamesean ideas that will be featured in the upcoming essay for which this article is prolegomena:

Aussi, why do the medical brethren force an unoffending citizen like me into such a position? Legislative license is sheer humbug—mere abstract paper thunder under which every ignorance and abuse can still go on. Why this mania for more laws? Why seek to stop the really extremely important experiences which these peculiar creatures are rolling up?3


I hear ya, William, if no one else does. Indeed, we ask today: why is it a felony to explore altered states?! Answer: because medical licensing decided that all substances had to be held to drug standards established by materialist science for "physical" medicines, meaning that the mental and emotional states that psychoactive substances bring about would be completely ignored.









Notes for essay entitled Prolegomena to William James and Medical Licensing: How medical licensing medicalizes spiritual states:

1: James, William, 1842. 2026. “The Letters of William James, Vol. 2.” Gutenberg.Org. 2026. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/38091/pg38091-images.html. (up)
2: “Trial Court Law Libraries | Mass.Gov.” n.d. Www.Mass.Gov. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www.mass.gov/orgs/trial-court-law-libraries. (up)
3: “The Letters of William James, Vol. II. | Project Gutenberg.” 2026. Gutenberg.Org. 2026. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/38091/38091-h/38091-h.htm#page_033. (up)




read more essays here





Ten Tweets

against the hateful war on US




Peyote advocates should be drug legalization advocates. Otherwise, they're involved in special pleading which is bound to result in absurd laws, such as "Plant A can be used in a religion but not plant B," or "Person A can belong to such a religion but person B cannot."

Drug Warriors never take responsibility for incentivizing poor kids throughout the west to sell drugs. It's not just in NYC and LA, it's in modest-sized towns in France. Find public housing, you find drug dealing. It's the prohibition, damn it!

Drug testing labs should give high marks for those who manage to use drugs responsibly, notwithstanding the efforts of law enforcement to ruin their lives. The lab guy would be like: "Wow, you are using opium wisely, my friend! Congratulations! Your boss is lucky to have you!"

Uruguay wants to re-legalize psilocybin mushrooms -- but only for use in a psychiatrist's office. So let me get this straight: psychiatrists are the new privileged shaman? It's a mushroom, for God's sake. Just re-legalize the damn thing and stop treating us like children.

Even the worst forms of "abuse" can be combatted with a wise use of a wide range of psychoactive drugs, to combat both physical and psychological cravings. But drug warriors NEED addiction to be a HUGE problem. That's their golden goose.

Pundits have been sniffing about the "smell" of Detroit lately. Sounds racist -- especially since such comments tend to come from drug warriors, the guys who ruined Detroit in the first place (you know, with drug laws that incentivized profit-seeking violence as a means of escaping poverty).

There are neither "drugs" nor "meds" as those terms are used today. All substances have potential good uses and bad uses. The terms as used today carry value judgements, as in meds good, drugs bad.

There are no recreational drugs. Even laughing gas has rational uses because it gives us a break from morbid introspection. There are recreational USES of drugs, but the term "recreational" is often used to express our disdain for users who go outside the healthcare system.

When the FDA tells us in effect that MDMA is too dangerous to be used to prevent school shootings and to help bring about world peace, they are making political judgments, not scientific ones.

The Thomas Jefferson Foundation is a drug war collaborator. They helped the DEA confiscate Thomas Jefferson's poppy plants in 1987.


Click here to see All Tweets against the hateful War on Us






back navigation arrow
Book Cover

Break the ice with a sledgehammer: place this book on your coffee table.

This book features 150 annotated images, designed to force brainwashed Americans to confront the fact that drug prohibition is wrong. Here is what author Richard Parrish II says of the book's compiler: "The drug prohibition philosopher provides first-hand, principled, persuasive, and insightful arguments against the current drug prohibition regime..."

Purchase Your Copy
Book Cover

Diary of a Drug Fiend

This is the only full-cast recording of Aleister Crowley's 1922 classic paeon to common sense. It is the first book -- and so far almost the only book -- to stake out a philosophy of drug use that is compatible with human freedom, one in which we learn to use drugs as wisely as possible for the benefit of humanity. This recording was produced by the Drug War Philosopher and your purchases help support his effort to push back against the tragically counterproductive policy of drug prohibition, in the name of human freedom and of humanity's right to heal.

Purchase Your Copy



No cookies, no ads paid for by amoral and immoral billionaires (or trillionaires).


Unless otherwise indicated, no AI is used in the creation of site content. These essays represent the original ideas of their author and not the ideas that the author SHOULD have based on an algorithmic parsing of existing data. For more on this subject, consider the AI-related viewpoints to which the author subscribes as delineated in the New York Times opinion piece entitled "What 370,000 College Essays Tell Us About A.I.’s Effects on Creativity" by Rebecca Winthrop of the Brookings Institution.

The Partnership for a Death Free America is a proud sponsor of The Drug War Philosopher website @ abolishthedea.com.


Copyright 2026, Brian Ballard Quass Contact: quass@quass.com

tombstone for American Democracy, 1776-2024, RIP (up)